Dedicated to Quality and excellence
Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement
International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR) recognizes and is dedicated to promoting ethical publishing practices. Editors IJABR- commit peer reviewers with the confidential and effective evaluation of submitted work from authors, and readers place their trust in the peer-review process. IJABR having a set of publication ethics as guidelines for authors engaged in the publication of scientific research to comply with COPE practices and establishes a high-quality standard of ethics for journal publication.
Our ethic statements are based on COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.
Content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. CC BY-SA
Journal Open Access Policy and Ethics:

IJABR maintains the highest peer review standards while enhancing process efficiency. The author of an article retains academic copyright to its contents and may self-archive the article. All research publications published in journals are fully open access, meaning they may be read, downloaded, and shared immediately and freely. Articles are published under a Creative Commons 4.0 license, which allows for use, distribution, and reproduction in any form, as long as the original work is properly cited.
Submission of a manuscript to our journal implies that all authors have read and agreed to its content and that the manuscript conforms to the journal's policies.

Originality: Only unique work or content is published. When submitting their work, authors affirm that they are submitting unique content. Manuscripts submitted to the journal must not have previously been published or are being considered for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.

Plagiarism:IJABR checks all submitted articles for plagiarism and duplication and only publishes original work. Manuscripts that have been identified as having plagiarism or duplication will not be considered for publication in the IJABR journal.
Re-use of data, figures, or images without appropriate acknowledgment or permission is considered plagiarism. All allegations of plagiarism are investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines detailed at https://publicationethics.org/files/u7140/plagiarism%20A.pdf.

Research Ethics Policy:
Authorship:
  • Authors should submit the original work. Any infringement may lead to a retraction of the article.
  • Authors should not fabricate or manipulate the data. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or inaccurate statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.
  • Authors may be asked to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data.
  • Author should take care in regards to Plagiarism should not be happen in submitted manuscript. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.
  • Authors should take the proper permission from copyright owner(s) and to state evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers.
  • Authors should guarantee that the article has not been published previously or is not being evaluated for publication elsewhere.
  • Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
  • All authors should take care about Submitted works that should not contain any unlawful statements that may violate the law.
  • If the research involves the use of animal or human subjects, the author should ensure that, the appropriate institutional ethical committee has approved them.
  • Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human or animal subjects. Those who contributed to the work but do not qualify for authorship should be listed in the acknowledgments. The International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) gives more detailed guidance on authorship.
  • The corresponding author should serve as the editor's point of contact with the other authors, keeping them up to date and including them in significant publication decisions. We have the right to request confirmation that all authors have met the authorship requirements.

Editorship
  • The editor of the IJABR is responsible for final decision regarding the publication of article submitted.
  • Editors should provide a fair judgment and consideration to all manuscripts based on its quality with no regard to racial background, gender, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political background of the authors, institutional affiliation of the author(s).
  • If referee who feels unable to review within a time should notify to editor and editor should appoint the appropriate reviewer for the review process. Editors are responsible to consider all the submitted manuscripts in a reasonable time frame.
  • The team of IJABR must not disclose any data of a submitted manuscript and not disclose any information about the manuscript under consideration to other parties.
  • Editors should not provide any private information of authors is included in the manuscript sent to reviewers
  • Editors are expected to act accordance with COPE practices when considering a manuscript for publication.

Peer Reviewer Responsibilities and Ethical Conduct
1. Technical Assessment and Quality Control
Reviewers are responsible for providing a rigorous, objective evaluation of the manuscript’s scientific merit.
This includes:
  • Methodological Soundness: Verifying that the experimental design is robust and that the results support the conclusions drawn.
  • Originality: Alerting the editors if they suspect any overlap between the submitted manuscript and previously published work (plagiarism or "salami slicing").
  • Data Integrity: Checking for inconsistencies in data presentation, suspicious image manipulations, or statistical errors.
2. Ethical Obligations and Confidentiality
The peer-review process at IJABR is strictly confidential. Reviewers must adhere to the following:
  • Confidentiality: Reviewers must not share, discuss, or distribute the manuscript or its findings with any third party. The document remains the intellectual property of the authors until publication.
  • Conflict of Interest: Reviewers must recuse themselves if they have a personal, professional, or financial connection to the authors or institutions that could bias their judgment.
  • Constructive Critique: Feedback must be professional and objective. Personal attacks or derogatory comments toward the authors are strictly prohibited.
3. Timeliness and Communication
  • Promptness: To support the rapid dissemination of biotechnological research, reviewers are expected to deliver their reports within the journal’s specified timeframe. If a delay is inevitable, they must notify the Editor immediately.
  • Recommendation Clarity: Reviewers must provide a clear recommendation (Accept, Minor Revision, Major Revision, or Reject) with specific evidence to justify their decision, aiding the Editor in making the final call.
4. Post-Review Responsibility
Even after the review is submitted, the reviewer’s duty continues in the following ways:
  • Anonymity: Reviewers must maintain their anonymity (unless the journal operates an open-review model) and should not contact authors directly.
  • Alerting to Post-Publication Issues: If a reviewer discovers a flaw in a paper they previously reviewed after it has been published, they have a responsibility to notify the Editorial Office to initiate the correction or retraction process.

Publisher Responsibilities (IJABR Press)
IJABR Press is responsible for the technical execution and permanent accessibility of the journal's content:
  • Correction Implementation (Errata): The publisher is solely responsible for correcting errors introduced during the typesetting or production process by issuing an Erratum.
  • Archival Integrity: The publisher ensures that retracted articles are not deleted but remain accessible with a permanent watermark to preserve the historical record of science.
  • Database Notification: Upon the publication of a correction, retraction, or expression of concern, the publisher is responsible for notifying indexing services to ensure the metadata is updated across all platforms.
  • Version Control: The publisher maintains dated logs of any "Post-Publication Changes" to ensure transparency regarding when and why an article was modified.
  • If Editor and Author(s) have any relationship, which may lead to an unfair evaluation, another editor will be appointed instead.
  • Any appearance of conflict of interest at the time of receiving a new manuscript for evaluation, reviewer should promptly return the manuscript to the editor, informing the conflict of interest issue.

Sanctions
In the event that there are documented violations of any of the above mentioned policies in any journal, regardless of whether or not the violations occurred in IJABR, the following sanctions will be applied:
  • Immediate rejection of the infringing manuscript.
  • Immediate rejection of every other manuscript submitted to IJABR by any of the authors of the infringing manuscript.
  • Prohibition against all of the authors for any new submissions to IJABR, either individually or in combination with other authors of the infringing manuscript, as well as in combination with any other authors. This prohibition will be imposed for a minimum of 36 months.
  • Prohibition against all of the authors from serving on the Editorial Board of IJABR.
  • In cases where the violations of the above policies are found to be particularly egregious, the publisher reserves the right to impose additional sanctions beyond those described above.
Conflict of Interest Policy
Authors, Editors and Reviewers are expected to adhere to the following guidelines in compliance with COPE practices. Authors should inform their source of financial support for their research work.
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Deceased authors
If a paper is submitted with a deceased author included in the authorship, or if an author passes during peer review, the corresponding author or co-authors must notify the editorial office. If the deceased author was a corresponding author, the authorship group should designate a co-author for that role. The corresponding author should confirm the deceased author's contribution and any relevant conflicts of interest. Once published, a notice will be added to the author list. 

Protection of human subjects and animals in research: To ensure that all research activity involving human subject or animal, should scrutinized by scrutiny/ethical committee and it complies with agreed ethical standards. To provide academic staff with the experience of the ethical scrutiny of research. Ethical approval is required prior to commencement of any research involving human participants (or their personal data) or animal. We are maintaining open and transparent procedures relating to the conduct and review of research.

Patient Consent Forms
Potential volunteers should make their own decisions regarding whether or not to continue participating in research. This should be accomplished through a process of informed consent in which individuals are accurately informed of the research's purpose, methods, risks, benefits, and alternatives, understand this information and how it relates to their own clinical situation or interests, and make a voluntary decision to participate. A statement indicating that such consent was obtained must be included in the section of article. If required, the Editors may request a copy of the consent forms. The consent must be for publication of their details under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.

Ethics committee approval
All experiments involving humans must be approved by the appropriate institutional review Board (IRB). These criteria may differ from country to country, and country-specific guidelines must be followed. Any study working with animals for research should have the protocol approved by the Institutional Committee on Animal Resources.

Clinical trials
Clinical Trials conforms to the ICMJE requirement that clinical trials are registered in a WHO-approved public trials registry at or before the time of first patient enrolment as a condition of consideration for publication. The trial registry name and URL, and registration number must be included at the end of the abstract. Since Clinical Trials in general only considers for publication clinical trials that evaluate methodological innovations we expect these trials to be registered, even though the primary endpoint may or may not be a "health outcome".

Reporting guidelines
The relevant EQUATOR Network reporting guidelines should be followed depending on the type of study. i.e., all randomized controlled trials submitted for publication should include a completed CONSORT flow chart as a cited figure and the completed CONSORT checklist should be uploaded with your submission as a supplementary file. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses should include the completed PRISMA flow chart as a cited figure and the completed PRISMA checklist should be uploaded with your submission as a supplementary file. The EQUATOR wizard can help you identify the appropriate guideline. The reporting guidelines for other types of studies can be found at https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/. Other resources can be found at NLM’s Research Reporting Guidelines and Initiatives. Please be aware that the journal does not publish articles that essentially reproduce the protocol for an individual clinical trial and articles that simply report the results of a completed clinical trial are also not considered.

Conflicts of Interest
IJABR requires authors to sign a disclosure form at the time of their article submission. The author(s) are expected to disclose any conflicts or financial interests that may have an influence on the result of the study in which he or she is envolved. If the manuscript is accepted, the Conflict of Interest information will be communicated in a published statement. COPE guidelines on conflict of interest can be found here.

Copyright
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR) a non-exclusive license to publish the article as the first publisher. All articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows others to share and adapt the work, provided the original work is properly cited and the authors are credited. 

Peer Review
The Editor is accountable for maintaining a peer review process that is rigorous, transparent, and timely. All research manuscripts shall ordinarily be assessed by a minimum of two independent and external reviewers, with additional evaluations sought when necessary to ensure the quality and integrity of the review.
Reviewers shall be appointed on the basis of demonstrable expertise in the subject matter under consideration. In line with best practices, the Editor takes all reasonable measures to prevent the use of fraudulent or inappropriate reviewers. The Editor is also responsible for evaluating declared conflicts of interest and any recommendations for self-citation submitted by reviewers, to ensure that the assessment process remains objective and free from bias.

Our Peer review process  of novel submissions:
Every paper submitted to the Journal is peer-reviewed. The method may vary based on the category to which the manuscript belongs. The  papers are evaluated by two reviewers, one based in India and the other outside. Peer reviewers are specialists in their area who provide the Journal with a written assessment of the submissions' qualities and weaknesses in order to find the most acceptable and best content for publication.
  • Authors submit a Manuscript to IJABR
  • An editor evaluates the article’s suitability for publication in the journal based on its scope and screens it for plagiarism using iThenticate.
  • The editor then submits the article to two independent reviewers, chosen based on their field of expertise and relevance to the article's topic, to critically evaluate it. If they believe they lack sufficient knowledge on the article subject or refuse the review, another reviewer is invited to assist with the evaluation.
  • Reviewer'r comment will be sent to the Associate editor, whether Manuscript Need modification, Rejection or Accepted. This message will forward to Authors also.
  • If the manuscript is accepted by reviewers, the editor will send the acceptance to the author; if the galley proof is authorized by the author, the manuscript will be queued for publishing.
  • If the reviewer requests a revision, the author(s) should react promptly and clarify any unclear points.
  • Upon receiving the revised Manuscript, the reviewers will check the author/s modified Manuscript.
  • If modified/revised Manuscript accepted by the reviewer, the acceptance will be sent to the author, after galley proof approved by Author then Manuscript will be in queue for publication.
  • If Reviewer rejects the manuscript, then editor will inform the review decision to author.
All reviewers are required to disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest during the review process.

Editorial Oversight and Final Decision
All manuscripts submitted to International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR) undergo a rigorous double blind peer review process. While reviewers provide valuable recommendations, the Editor-in-Chief holds the final responsibility for acceptance, revision, or rejection of manuscripts. Decisions are made in consultation with the editorial board, ensuring fairness, transparency, and adherence to the highest academic and ethical standards.

Rejection
Manuscripts that are identified inappropriate for publication will be rejected based on reviewers' comments and in accordance with the Journal's Policy. The corresponding author will be notified of the rejection, and the reviewers' comments, if any, will be provided.

Withdrawal of Manuscripts
Authors are not permitted to withdraw submitted articles since this wastes valuable resources such as the time spent by editors and referees assessing submitted manuscripts, as well as the time invested by publishers.
Manuscripts can only be withdrawn if a withdrawal request is submitted to the Publisher.
In the case of a fraudulent submission, Withdrawn indicates that the article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with an HTML page and PDF declaring that the article has been withdrawn in accordance with the journal's Policy on Article Withdrawal, which includes a link to the current policy document.

Confidentiality: Editors will keep all submissions submitted to our journals confidential. Our journal follows COPE's Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Reviewers are therefore required to maintain the confidentiality of the peer review process and not divulge any details of a submission or its review, during or after the peer-review process, other than what the journal released. We shall not share submissions with third parties outside of our journal's editorial board, except in circumstances of suspected misconduct.

Third party submissions: Some third party/like agents contact to publisher/journal to publish the bulk of papers from different Authors. IJABR strictly declare that, Third party submission is not allowed. All manuscripts must be submitted by an author and may not be submitted by a third party.

The Process for Handling Cases Requiring Corrections, Retractions, and Editorial Expressions of Concern.

Corrections
Fundamental errors in published works
When an author discovers a significant error in own published work, author should promptly notify the journal editor or publisher to retract or correct the paper.
Corrections can be submitted if: a small portion of /there is an error in a figure/there is an error in statistical data; these changes should not alter the conclusions. Corrections can be submitted if the author or contributor list is incorrect.

Editorial expressions of concern
When there is considerable uncertainty about the honesty or integrity of a submitted or published paper, journal editors may issue an expression of concern. However, expressions of concern should only be given if an investigation into the issues raised by the article has been inconclusive and there are still significant signs that the are justified. Under some rare cases, an editorial expression of concern may also be issued when an investigation is underway but a judgement will not be available for a considerable time. The expression of concern will be linked back to the published article it relates to.

Retractions
IJABR abide by COPE Retraction Guidelines.COPE Retraction Guidelines
In cases of suspected misconduct, the Editors and Editorial Board will use the best practices of COPE to assist them to resolve the complaint and address the misconduct fairly. This will include an investigation of the allegation by the Editors. A submitted manuscript that is found to contain such misconduct will be rejected. In cases where a published paper is found to contain such misconduct, a retraction can be published and will be linked to the original article.

COMPLAINTS AND APPEALS
Complaints may relate to a failure of process (e.g. delays) or a severe misjudgement (e.g. an improperly applied retraction notice). They may also relate to author or reviewer misconduct. Complaints may be made by anyone, including authors, reviewers and readers.
Process for making a complaint: Complaints should be emailed to in ijabrpress@gmail.com. Please provide as much detail as possible and include supporting information where appropriate (for example, copies of email correspondence) with manuscript ID number.

Process for handling the complaints:  A formal acknowledgement of the complaint will be made within Four working days. Otherwise, regular interim communications will be made, at least once in every four weeks. Complaints will be dealt with by the journal office wherever possible. The Corresponding Editor has the right to consult the other Editors or with any third party over the issue, and make a final decision. That final decision shall be binding, and the matter shall be closed.
Complaints or concerns about author or reviewer misconduct: If you wish to complain or raise a concern about suspected author or reviewer misconduct, please contact to ijabrpress@gmail.com

Publication Malpractice Statement. Suspicion of an ethical problem with a manuscript, unethical image manipulation, duplicate publication, self-plagiarism,excessive self-citation.We take allegations of misconduct very seriously and will investigate.
If your complaint is not satisfactorily resolved:  We will be referred back to the Editors, whose decisions on such matters is final.

Post-Publication corrections to journal articles
1. Amendments at the Proofing Stage
At the International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR), we view the published manuscript as a definitive part of the global scientific archive. Consequently, any requests for modification are handled with strict scrutiny.
During the pre-publication proof stage, authors may only implement minor, indispensable corrections. These adjustments must not alter the core scientific findings or the bibliographic data of the work. Please note that IJABR does not permit changes to authorship or the removal/addition of citations at this stage unless specifically requested by our editorial office to resolve a query. We maintain the right to reject any correction that conflicts with our established ethical standards.
2. Modifying the Version of Record (VoR)
Once the Version of Record is finalized and hosted online, further changes are restricted to major, essential rectifications. Depending on the origin and impact of the error, we utilize the following protocols:
Corrigenda: Issued when a significant error is identified by the authors.
Errata: Issued when an administrative or production error is made by IJABR Press.
Direct Post-Publication Updates: Reserved for errors that hinder the "findability" or citation of a paper (such as errors in the title, abstract, or author names). Updates to acknowledgments or affiliations are generally restricted to legal or funding compliance issues.
Procedure for Implementation: When a Corrigendum or Erratum is issued, a separate PDF notice is linked to the original paper to ensure transparency for all readers. If a direct update to the original article is approved, the file will be replaced, and a dated "Notice of Amendment" will be permanently appended to the metadata.

3. Submission Format for Corrigenda
To maintain consistency, all author-led corrections must be titled as follows:
“Corrigendum: [Insert Original Title] ([Insert Original Article Reference/DOI])”

4. Retractions and Expressions of Concern
In rare cases involving fundamental flaws or ethical breaches, the journal follows COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines:
Retractions: If research findings are proven unreliable—whether through honest error or professional misconduct—the article will be retracted. The original text remains in the archive to preserve the record, but it will be clearly watermarked with a "Retraction" notice.
Expressions of Concern: If a serious investigation is ongoing regarding the integrity of a paper, the Editorial Board may issue an Expression of Concern to alert the scientific community until a final resolution is reached.

SELF-ARCHIVING POLICY
Authors who publish in IJABR retain the full copyright to their articles, IJABR encourage authors to SELF-ARCHIVE their accepted/published manuscripts on their personal websites, institutional repository. All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, archiving, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the work is properly cited.

Appeals: If Author appeals against the editorial decision only under highly specific issues and usually only where a author can indicate a clear misunderstanding of the article by the reviewer.

Retracted articles: We will only consider appeals against retractions if substantial evidence can be provided to demonstrate that the decision was unjust.

Advertising policy: Currently we are not accepting any advertising.

Direct marketing:  IJABR  do not use direct marketing as a tool for advertising purpose.

Data Sharing Policies: We always facilitating faster and more effective research discovery by enabling reproducibility and verification of data, methodology and reporting standards.

Fair play: The publisher and the journal do not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its publishing programs, services, and activities.

Copyright constrains: Manuscripts submitted to journal should not been already published, presented and submitted elsewhere. If  manuscript published already then the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the author(s).

Access to journal content: The publisher adheres to the long-term availability and preservation of scholarly research, and it assures accessibility by keeping a digital archive.

Privacy Statement: The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

Copyright Notice
Authors who publish inIJABR agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-(CC BY 4.0) License  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .